MBBR
An MBBR STP is a Sewage Treatment Plant that uses the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) technology for the biological treatment of domestic or municipal wastewater. In this system, sewage first goes through pre-treatment steps such as screening and grit removal to eliminate large solids and debris. The wastewater then enters an aeration tank containing plastic carriers, which provide a surface for microorganisms (biofilm) to grow. As air is supplied, these microorganisms degrade organic pollutants such as BOD and COD. The carriers are kept in constant motion, ensuring efficient contact between the wastewater and biofilm. After biological treatment, the mixture flows into a secondary clarifier, where the biomass settles, producing clear treated water at the top, which may undergo further disinfection or polishing before discharge or reuse. MBBR STPs are compact, efficient, and capable of handling fluctuating loads, making them ideal for residential complexes, commercial buildings, and small municipalities. They produce less sludge compared to conventional ASP-based STPs and require relatively lower operational control, while providing stable treatment even under variable wastewater conditions.